Plant-row-spacing effect on insect activity, bacterial spot severity, and yield for staked-tomato production in west Florida
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Published source details
Stanley C.D., Schuster D.J. & Jones J.B. (1988) Plant-row-spacing effect on insect activity, bacterial spot severity, and yield for staked-tomato production in west Florida. Proceedings, Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida, 47, 212-214.
Published source details Stanley C.D., Schuster D.J. & Jones J.B. (1988) Plant-row-spacing effect on insect activity, bacterial spot severity, and yield for staked-tomato production in west Florida. Proceedings, Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida, 47, 212-214.
Actions
This study is summarised as evidence for the following.
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Use pesticides only when pests or crop damage reach threshold levels Action Link |
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Use pesticides only when pests or crop damage reach threshold levels
A randomised, replicated, controlled study in 1984-1985 in Florida, USA (Stanley et al. 1988) found more armyworm Spodoptera eridania damage to tomato Solanum lycopersicum (affecting 1.7-3.4% of fruits) in plots sprayed when pests exceeded threshold levels compared to plots sprayed weekly (0.7-0.9%). Yield was similar between plots receiving the threshold-based spraying regime (464-541 marketable fruits/10 plants) and plots receiving weekly sprays (470-600 marketable fruits). The threshold-based spraying regime used seven applications of insecticide on average compared to 14 applications in the weekly regime. In the former, sprays were applied when monitoring found at least 0.7 leafminer Liriomyza trifolii larvae on tomato leaflets, or at least one armyworm on fruiting tomato plants (prior to fruiting the threshold was one armyworm/six plants). Cyromazine and methamidophos insecticides were used to manage leafminers and fenvalerate and permethrin were used to manage armyworms. Each spraying regime was replicated 12 times and tested under different planting densities (4.5, 9.0 and 18.0 feet between rows). Effects on natural enemies were not presented.
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