Conservation Evidence: Evidence Data

Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary enclosure humidity to simulate seasonal changes in the wild using humidifiers, foggers/misters or artificial rain No evidence was captured for the effects of varying enclosure humidity to simulate seasonal changes in the wild using humidifiers, foggers/misters or artificial rain. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1863https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1863Thu, 18 Jan 2018 16:28:00 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary enclosure temperature to simulate seasonal changes in the wild One small, replicated study in Italy found that one of six females bred following a drop in temperature from 20-24 to 17°C, and filling of an egg laying pond. One replicated, before-and-after study in Australia that provided a pre-breeding cooling period, alongside allowing females to gain weight before the breeding period, separating sexes during the non-breeding period, providing mate choice for females and playing recorded mating calls, increased breeding success. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1864https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1864Thu, 18 Jan 2018 16:32:22 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary quality or quantity (UV% or gradients) of enclosure lighting to simulate seasonal changes in the wild One replicated study in the UK found that there was no difference in clutch size between frogs given an ultraviolet (UV) boost compared with those who only received background levels. However, frogs given the UV boost had a significantly greater fungal load than frogs that were not UV-boosted. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1865https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1865Fri, 19 Jan 2018 08:49:28 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary duration of enclosure lighting to simulate seasonal changes in the wild No evidence was captured for the effects of varying duration of enclosure lighting to simulate seasonal changes in the wild. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1866https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1866Fri, 19 Jan 2018 08:53:32 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary water flow/speed of artificial streams in enclosures for torrent breeding species No evidence was captured for the effects of allowing varying water flow/speed of artificial streams in enclosures for torrent breeding species. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1870https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1870Fri, 19 Jan 2018 09:04:34 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary artificial rainfall to simulate seasonal changes in the wild Two replicated, before-and-after studies in Germany and Austria found that simulating a wet and dry season, as well as being moved to an enclosure with more egg laying sites and flowing water in Austria, stimulated breeding and egg deposition. In Germany, no toadlets survived past 142 days old. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1872https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1872Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:13:30 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Vary food provision to reflect seasonal availability in the wild No evidence was captured for the effects of varying food provision to reflect seasonal availability in the wild. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1883https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1883Fri, 19 Jan 2018 13:51:52 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Supplement diets with vitamins/ calcium fed to prey (e.g. prey gut loading) No evidence was captured for the effects of supplementing diets with vitamins/ calcium fed to prey (e.g. prey gut loading). 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1885https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1885Fri, 19 Jan 2018 13:55:47 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Supplement diets with vitamins/ calcium applied to food (e.g. dusting prey) No evidence was captured for the effects of supplementing diets with vitamins/ calcium applied to food (e.g. dusting prey). 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1886https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1886Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:15:10 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Supplement diets with carotenoids (including for colouration) One study in the USA found that adding carotenoids to fruit flies fed to frogs reduced the number of clutches, but increased the number of tadpoles and successful metamorphs. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1887https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1887Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:21:27 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Use hormone treatment to induce sperm and egg releaseFor summarised evidence see Smith, R.K. and Sutherland, W.J. (2014) Amphibian conservation: Global evidence for the effects of interventions. Exeter, Pelagic Publishing. Key messages and summaries are available here: http://www.www.conservationevidence.com/actions/883Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1896https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1896Fri, 19 Jan 2018 15:08:37 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Use artificial fertilization in captive breedingFor summarised evidence see Smith, R.K. and Sutherland, W.J. (2014) Amphibian conservation: Global evidence for the effects of interventions. Exeter, Pelagic Publishing. Key messages and summaries are available here: http://www.www.conservationevidence.com/actions/834Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1897https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1897Fri, 19 Jan 2018 15:09:55 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Use artificial cloning from frozen or fresh tissue No evidence was captured for the effects of using artificial cloning from frozen or fresh tissue. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1898https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1898Fri, 19 Jan 2018 15:11:18 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Feed commercially prepared diets One replicated, before-and-after study in the USA found that providing a commercial diet to maned wolves led to similar dry matter intake and digestibility despite having a lower protein content. One replicated, randomized study of African wildcats in the USA found that feeding a commercial diet decreased crude protein digestibility and increased food intake and faecal output compared to raw meat. One controlled study of African wildcats in the USA found lower organic matter digestibility compared to a ground-chicken diet. One replicated, controlled study in South Africa found that cheetahs fed a commercial diet had a similar likelihood of developing gastritis as those fed horse meat, lower levels of blood protein urea but higher levels of creatine. One study in USA found that cheetahs fed a commercial meat diet or whole chicken carcasses had plasma a-tocopherol, retinol and taurine concentrations within the ranges recommended for domestic cats. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1900https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1900Wed, 24 Jan 2018 09:26:14 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Feed whole carcasses (with or without organs/gastrointestinal tract) Two replicated, before-and-after studies in the USA found that feeding whole carcasses reduced pacing levels in lions, leopards, snow leopards and cougars. However, it increased pacing in tigers. One replicated, randomized, controlled study in Denmark found that when fed whole rabbit, cheetahs had lower blood protein urea, zinc and vitamin A levels compared to supplemented beef. One replicated before-and-after study in Denmark found that feeding whole rabbit showed lower levels of inflammatory bowel indicators in cheetahs. One replicated, randomized study and one controlled study in the USA found that when fed whole 1 to 3 day old chickens, ocelots had lower digestible energy and fat compared to a commercial diet and African wildcats had had lower organic matter digestibility compared to a ground-chicken diet. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1901https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1901Wed, 24 Jan 2018 09:52:15 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Feed a plant-derived protein diet One replicated, randomized, controlled study and one replicated, controlled study in the USA found that a plant-derived protein diet increased digestible energy and dry matter digestibility but decreased mineral retention and plasma taurine levels in maned wolves compared to a (supplemented) animal-based protein diet. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1903https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1903Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:15:58 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Allocate fast days One replicated, before-and-after study in the UK found that large felids fed once every three days paced more frequently on non-feeding days. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1906https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1906Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:38:37 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Alter food abundance or type seasonally No evidence was captured for the effects of altering food abundance or type seasonally on captive carnivores. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1910https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1910Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:42:25 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Increase variety of food items No evidence was captured on the effect of increasing the variety of food items on captive carnivores. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1912https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1912Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:43:54 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Alter feeding schedule according to visitor activity No evidence was captured for the effects of altering feeding schedule to visitor activity on captive carnivores. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1914https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1914Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:46:41 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Hide food around enclosure Four replicated, before-and-after studies in the USA, UK and Germany and one before-and-after study of a black bear, leopard cats, bush dogs, maned wolves and Malayan sun bears found that hiding food increased exploring and foraging behaviours. One replicated, before-and-after study and one before-and-after study in the USA found a decrease in stereotypical pacing in leopard cats and black bear. One before-and-after study in the USA found that hiding food reduced the time Canadian lynx spent sleeping during the day. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1915https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1915Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:47:53 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Feed individuals separately No evidence was captured for the effects of feeding individuals separately on captive carnivores. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1917https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1917Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:50:39 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Change location of food around enclosure One replicated, before-and-after study in Ireland found that altering the location of food decreased pacing behaviours in cheetahs. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1918https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1918Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:51:27 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Feed individuals within a social group No evidence was captured for the effects of feeding individuals within a social group. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1919https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1919Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:53:13 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Carnivores: Hand-feed No evidence was captured for the effects of hand-feeding on captive carnivores. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1920https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1920Wed, 24 Jan 2018 10:54:17 +0000