Conservation Evidence: Evidence Data

Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Identify and breed a similar species to refine husbandry techniques prior to working with target species Two small, replicated interlinked studies in Brazil found that working with a less-threatened surrogate species of frog first to establish husbandry interventions promoted successful breeding of a critically endangered species of frog. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1862https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1862Thu, 18 Jan 2018 16:03:54 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Simulate rainfall using sound recordings of rain and/or thunderstorms No evidence was captured for the effects of simulating rainfall using sound recordings of rain and/or thunderstorms. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1867https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1867Fri, 19 Jan 2018 08:55:11 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Allow temperate amphibians to hibernate No evidence was captured for the effects of allowing temperate amphibians to hibernate. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1868https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1868Fri, 19 Jan 2018 08:59:37 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Allow amphibians from highly seasonal environments to have a period of dormancy during a simulated drought period No evidence was captured for the effects of allowing amphibians from highly seasonal environments to have a period of dormancy during a simulated drought period. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1869https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1869Fri, 19 Jan 2018 09:02:52 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Provide artificial aquifers for species which breed in upwelling springs One small study in the USA found that salamanders bred in an aquarium fitted with an artificial aquifer. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1871https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1871Fri, 19 Jan 2018 09:07:16 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Provide multiple egg laying sites within an enclosure One replicated study in Australia found that frogs only bred once moved into an indoor enclosure which had various types of organic substrate, allowed temporary flooding, and enabled sex ratios to be manipulated along with playing recorded mating calls. One small, replicated, before-and-after study in Fiji found that adding rotting logs and hollow bamboo pipes to an enclosure, as well as a variety of substrates, promoted egg laying in frogs. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1873https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1873Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:21:58 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Provide natural substrate for species which do not breed in water (e.g. burrowing/tunnel breeders) Two replicated studies in Australia and Fiji found that adding a variety of substrates to an enclosure, as well as rotting logs and hollow bamboo pipes in one case, promoted egg laying in frogs. The Australian study also temporarily flooded enclosures, manipulated sex ratios and played recorded mating calls. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1874https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1874Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:30:30 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Provide particular plants as breeding areas or egg laying sites One small, controlled study in the USA found that salamanders bred in an aquarium heavily planted with java moss and swamp-weed. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1875https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1875Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:31:52 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Provide particular enclosure furniture for calling sites, breeding areas or egg laying sites One replicated study in Fiji found that adding rotting logs and hollow bamboo pipes, as well as a variety of substrates to an enclosure, promoted egg laying in frogs. One before-and-after study in Austria found that captive frogs started breeding when animals were housed in enclosures with more calling, perching and laying sites, as well as simulated wet and dry seasons. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1876https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1876Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:51:55 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Provide visual barriers for territorial species No evidence was captured for the effects of visual barriers for territorial species. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1877https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1877Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:54:21 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Manipulate adult density within the enclosure No evidence was captured for the effects of manipulating adult density within the enclosure. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1878https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1878Fri, 19 Jan 2018 10:57:57 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Manipulate sex ratio within the enclosure One replicated study in Australia found that frogs only bred once sex ratios were manipulated, along with playing recorded mating calls and moving frogs into an indoor enclosure which allowed temporary flooding, and had various types of organic substrate. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1879https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1879Fri, 19 Jan 2018 11:00:23 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Separate sexes in non-breeding periods One replicated, before-and-after study in Australia found that clutch size of frogs increased when sexes were separated in the non-breeding periods, alongside providing female mate choice, playing recorded mating calls and allowing females to increase in weight before breeding. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1880https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1880Fri, 19 Jan 2018 11:08:49 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Play recordings of breeding calls to simulate breeding season in the wild One replicated study in Australia found that frogs only bred when recorded mating calls were played, as well as manipulating the sex ratio after frogs were moved into an indoor enclosure which allowed temporary flooding and had various types of organic substrates. One replicated, before-and-after study in Australia found that clutch size of frogs increased when playing recorded mating calls, along with the sexes being separated in the non-breeding periods, providing female mate choice, and allowing females to increase in weight before breeding. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1881https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1881Fri, 19 Jan 2018 13:46:16 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Allow female mate choice One replicated study in Australia found that frogs only bred after females carrying eggs were introduced to males, sex ratios were manipulated, recorded mating calls were played, and after being moved to an indoor enclosure which allowed temporary flooding and had various types of organic substrates. One replicated, before-and-after study in Australia found that clutch size of frogs increased when female mate choice was provided, alongside playing recorded mating calls, sexes being separated in the non-breeding periods, and allowing females to increase in weight before breeding. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1882https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1882Fri, 19 Jan 2018 13:50:02 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Formulate adult diet to reflect nutritional composition of wild foods No evidence was captured for the effects of formulating diet to reflect nutritional composition of wild foods. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1884https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1884Fri, 19 Jan 2018 13:53:40 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Supplement diets with carotenoids (including for colouration) One study in the USA found that adding carotenoids to fruit flies fed to frogs reduced the number of clutches, but increased the number of tadpoles and successful metamorphs. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1887https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1887Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:21:27 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Increase caloric intake of females in preparation for breeding One replicated, before-and-after study in Australia found that clutch size of frogs increased when females increased in weight before breeding, as well as having mate choice, recorded mating calls, and sexes being separated in the non-breeding periods. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1888https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1888Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:36:09 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Formulate larval diets to improve development or survival to adulthood One randomized, replicated, controlled study in the USA found that tadpoles had a higher body mass and reached a more advanced developmental stage when fed a control diet (rabbit chow and fish food) or freshwater algae, compared to those fed pine or oak pollen. Tadpoles fed only pine or oak pollen did not undergo metamorphosis. One randomised, replicated study in Portugal found that tadpoles reared on a diet containing 46% protein had higher growth rates, survival and body weights at metamorphosis compared to diets containing less protein. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1889https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1889Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:42:14 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Leave infertile eggs at spawn site as food for egg-eating larvae No evidence was captured for the effects of leaving infertile eggs at spawn site as food for egg-eating larvae. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1890https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1890Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:49:45 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Manipulate humidity to improve development or survival to adulthood No evidence was captured for the effects of manipulating humidity to improve development or survival to adulthood. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1891https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1891Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:52:17 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Manipulate quality and quantity of enclosure lighting to improve development or survival to adulthood No evidence was captured for the effects of manipulating quality and quantity of lighting to improve development or survival to adulthood. 'No evidence' for an action means we have not yet found any studies that directly and quantitatively tested this action during our systematic journal and report searches. Therefore we have been unable to assess whether or not the action is effective or has any harmful impacts. Please get in touch if you know of such a study for this action.Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1892https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1892Fri, 19 Jan 2018 14:54:25 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Manipulate temperature of enclosure to improve development or survival to adulthood One replicated study in Spain found that salamander larvae had higher survival rates when reared at lower temperatures. One replicated study in Germany found that the growth rate and development stage reached by harlequin toad tadpoles was faster at a higher constant temperature rather than a lower and varied water temperature. One replicated study in Australia found that frog tadpoles took longer to reach metamorphosis when reared at lower temperatures. One replicated, controlled study in Iran found that developing eggs reared within a temperature range of 12-25°C had higher survival rates, higher growth rates and lower abnormalities than those raised outside of that range. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1893https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1893Fri, 19 Jan 2018 15:02:07 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Manipulate larval density within the enclosure A replicated study in the USA found that reducing larval density of spotted salamanders increased larval survival and body mass. Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1894https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1894Fri, 19 Jan 2018 15:05:40 +0000Collected Evidence: Collected Evidence: Amphibians: Freeze sperm or eggs for future useFor summarised evidence see Smith, R.K. and Sutherland, W.J. (2014) Amphibian conservation: Global evidence for the effects of interventions. Exeter, Pelagic Publishing. Key messages and summaries are available here: http://www.www.conservationevidence.com/actions/876Collected Evidencehttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1899https%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationevidence.com%2Factions%2F1899Fri, 19 Jan 2018 15:11:58 +0000